Queen Elizabeth II

Queen Elizabeth II

Born in 1926, Queen Elizabeth II was ruler of state, once she was simply twenty five years previous – when the death of her father, George IV, in 1952. Queen Elizabeth is currently the second longest serving British monarch and has presided over 0.5 a century of continual amendment each inside the royal house, UK and also the Commonwealth.

Elizabeth was the eldest kid of patrician Albert, the Duke of royal house (later St. George VI) and his partner Elizabeth (later called the Queen Mother). Her father patrician Albert was second in line to the throne, till his elder brother Edward VIII abdicated in 1936 – pushing the back patrician Albert into AN surprising role of King. King George VI rose to the challenge tho' he died early in 1952.

Elizabeth was educated reception, in conjunction with her sister aristocrat Margaret. throughout the Second warfare, they were exhausted to Balmoral and later Windsor Castle. Towards the tip of the war in 1945, Elizabeth joined the Women’s Royal Auxiliary Territorial Service, wherever she served as a driver and mechanic. when the war, she progressively stepped into her role of performing arts public service, and created her initial overseas trip to African country in 1947. 

n 1947, she married Prince Philip of Balkan country and Denmark in an exceedingly ceremony at Westminster; they'd far-famed one another for many years. Some wherever hostile the union owing to his foreign ties, however this was overcome by his service within the Royal Navy. they need been gayly married for over sixty five years, and their relationship may be a supply of mutual strength, notwithstanding Prince Philip contains a name for rental slip the odd vibrant remark regarding foreigners. Elizabeth gave birth to their initial kid in 1948 – the longer term Prince Charles. they'd four kids in total (Charles, Anne, Andrew, Edward)

n 1952, her father, George VI gave up the ghost and Queen Elizabeth was topped to widespread enthusiasm. Her enthronization set TV records round the globe, and it seemed to lead off a replacement era for the autarchy and Commonwealth of Nations. News of Edmund Hilary reaching the height of Mt Mount Everest were delayed to coincide along with her enthronization. It appeared a symbolic finish to the post-war non-indulgence.

The Nineteen Fifties may be seen because the golden age for the Queen. Deference and relevancy the royal house were still high, and also the young Elizabeth appeared like the fairytale aristocrat. However, over ensuing few decades, widespread social amendment saw a decline in ancient attitudes to the autarchy. conjointly the new era of TV and intense media scrutiny semiconductor diode to several unfavorable headlines as her kids were held in matrimonial issues and connected scandals.

Yet, there have been still high points for the royal house, like her ‘Silver Jubiliee’ in 1977 and also the wedding of Prince Charles and woman Diana in 1981. By the Nineties, the media had a widespread fascination with Lady Diana Frances Spencer, however as their wedding stone-broke down, the Queen was progressively perceived as being out of bit. In 1992, she magnificently declared the year to be her ‘annus horribilus‘

With media headlines dominated by the wedding breakup of Charles and Diana, a hearth in Windsor, and alternative criticisms. In 1996, Lady Diana Frances Spencer died in an exceedingly automotive crash, and quickly there was public dismay because the Queen appeared distant and refused to fly flag at 0.5 mast. But, when the Queen later expressed admiration for Lady Diana Frances Spencer the hostility gaseous. even so, the link between Lady Diana Frances Spencer and also the Queen were best delineate as being ‘cool’.

The Queen placed nice stress on her job as uniting the Commonwealth – a troublesome job within the post war amount as de-colonisation semiconductor diode to several differing issues. However, the Queen sometimes received widespread acclaim, and plenty of say she was a true unifying presence at the Commonwealth conferences.

After the difficulties of the Nineties, the 2000s saw a advance in her quality because the royal house place several difficulties behind them, and that they were ready to celebrate excellent news. If 1992 was her annus horribilus, 2012, was maybe her annus caryophylloid dicot genus. Firstly, in April, patrician William married Kate Thomas Middleton to widespread public support. Then in summer, her golden day of remembrance was wide celebrated and widespread despite the wet weather. Finally in Gregorian calendar month 2012, she took half within the gap ceremony of the London Olympiad – that was an enormous international success.

Despite nearing the age of eighty one she seems remarkably mobile, and shows no sign of passing the throne to Charles early.

Plato

Plato

Plato (423 B.C. – 348 BC) was a Attic thinker, man of science, student of Athenian, author of philosophical dialogues, and founding father of the Academy in Athens, the primary establishment of upper learning within the Western world. along side his mentor, Socrates, and his student, Aristotle, Plato helped to put the foundations of Western philosophy and science. Plato influenced an entire vary of subjects from philosophy to maths, logic and ethics.

The early lifetime of Plato is just partly recorded, however he was born in associate degree blue family in Athens. This enabled him to achieve an honest education, wherever he shortly affected those around him together with his speed of learning and clarity of thought.

Relationship with Athenian

A key component of Plato’s writings is his frequent references to Athenian. Athenian seems in most of Plato’s writings, and it's clear that Athenian and his Athenian dialogues had a giant influence on the young Plato.

It is solely through Plato, that we tend to get a transparent plan of Socrates’ philosophy and approach of life. In Apology of Athenian, Plato writes associate degree account of Athenian defensive himself during a trial that ultimately junction rectifier to his own death.

However, Plato wasn't just transcribing the words of Socrates; he was conjointly victimization his own interpretations and thought to feature thereto that he learned from him.

Plato’s Central Doctrines

Plato wrote on an entire vary of topics, however it's his ethics and general philosophy that perceived to be his biggest interest. Plato wrote that he saw a distinction between the body (corporeal world) and also the soul. He conjointly saw a distinction between the imperfectness of the fabric world and also the highest ideals that transcend material imperfections. Plato felt that somebody of a ‘philosophic mind’ may differentiate between outward limitations and also the highest ideals of beauty, truth, unity and justice. it's a philosophy that hints at the restrictions of the fabric associate degree mental world and encourages an aspiration to higher ideals.

He conjointly mentions that the life we tend to live is predicated on previous selections in either this incarnation of the soul or previous incarnations. Plato’s philosophy was conjointly heavily influenced by Pythagoras, particularly his non secular views on reincarnation.

In Politics, Plato developed the concept of a ‘Philosopher King’ somebody United Nations agency would be a knowledge lover and develop the required qualities to rule over his individuals showing wisdom and justice. He makes the analogy to a ship’s captain or doctor. somebody United Nations agency is aware of best what his patient wants.

This created Plato a critic of the present Athenian system of democracy.

Style of Teaching

Plato doesn’t write treatises, however writes in associate degree indirect approach, encouraging the reader to raise queries and assume for himself. there's conjointly signs of development and changes in thought, tho' a number of this is often because of uncertainty over whether or not letters ascribed to Plato, were really written by him. But, like his teacher Athenian, Plato is commonly happy to play role of observer instead of a clergyman.

Winston Churchill

Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Dutch Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, FRS, computer (30 Gregorian calendar month 1874 – twenty four January 1965) was a British politician and author, best called Prime Minister of the UK throughout the Second war.

Churchill was celebrated for his stubborn resistance to potentate throughout the darkest hours of the Second war.

Winston was born at pitched battle Palace, Woodstock close to Oxford to associate degree aristocratically family – the Dukes of Marlborough. He was named by servants and friends of the family. He seldom spoke to his father and his mother seldom saw him once at private school. Churchill visited Harrow faculty. He wasn’t the most effective student, having a rebellious nature and slow to learn; however Churchill excelled at sports and joined the officer plebe corps, that he enjoyed.

On effort faculty, he visited Sandhurst to coach as an official. when gaining his commission, Churchill sought-after to achieve the maximum amount active military expertise as attainable. He used his mothers connections to induce postings to areas of conflict. The young Churchill gained postings to Cuba, and North West Bharat. He additionally combined his military duties with operating as a newspaperman – earning substantial cash for his reports on the fighting.

In 1899, he resigned from the military and pursued his career as a newspaperman. He was in African country for the Boer War, and he became a minor celebrity for his role in participating in an exceedingly exploratory survey patrol, obtaining captured and later escaping. He may need gained the decoration for his efforts, although formally he was a civilian at the time. when this expertise,  he gained a short lived commission within the African country light-weight Horses and later commented he had a ‘good war’ while continued his work as a newspaperman.

Churchill came back to the united kingdom in 1900 and with success stood as a Conservative candidate for Old-ham. when changing into associate degree MP, Churchill began a moneymaking speaking tour, wherever he may command a high worth for his speeches.

In 1904, he created a dramatic shift, effort the party and change of integrity the party. He was later typically known as a ‘class traitor’ by some Conservative colleagues. Churchill disagreed with associate degree increasing quantity of Conservative policies, as well as tariff protection. Churchill additionally had heap of} fellow feeling for rising the lot of the class and serving to the poor.

In the party, Churchill created a meteoric political rise. By 1908 he was created President of the Board of Trade associate degrees he was a key supporter of player George’s radical People’s Budget – a budget that saw the expansion of an embryonic state and introduction of tax to procure it. The budget created a major improvement to the lifetime of the poor and helped to deal with the difference of British society.

However, though Churchill was a liberal, he was additionally staunchly anti-Socialist and suspicious of trade unions.

In 1911, he was created 1st Lord of the Admiralty – a post he command into the primary war.

On the natural event of hostilities in Europe, Churchill was one among the foremost strident members of the cupboard defending British involvement within the war. In August 1914, the Liberal cupboard were split with some members against about to war on the continent. However, Churchill’s read prevailed and he admitted being enthused regarding the prospects of being concerned within the ‘Great War’. He visited Belgique wherever he urged the Royal Marines to plan to action around urban center. This call was criticized for wasting resources. Others aforementioned it helped saved the channel ports from the advancing German army.

Churchill additionally used armed service funds to assist develop the tank – one thing he felt would be helpful within the war.

However, despite tremendous keenness for war, his flagship policy for the war was deemed a failure. Churchill planned the 1915 military campaign – a daring bid to knock Turkey out of the war. But, sadly, it tested a military failure with thousands of Allied casualties and no military gain. though the fault of the failure was shared among others, Churchill resigned from his post and sought-after to achieve a footing within the army on the Western Front.

After seeing comparatively very little action on the Western Front he came back to London, and Saturday on the opposition benches before change of integrity player George’s coalition government. In 1917, Churchill was created Minister of Munitions – employment requiring robust body skills to manage restricted resources throughout war. Churchill was thought-about associate degree economical and ball-hawking minister.

At the top of the primary war, Churchill was active in making an attempt to support the white army – resistance to the Communist forces that had gained management over the Russia.

In 1924 Churchill was appointed as Chancellor of the funds by Conservative PM Baldwin. below recommendation from several economists, Churchill created the choice  to come UK to the Gold normal at a pre-war level. But, this tested to be damaging to the economy and diode to a amount of deflation, high state and low growth. Churchill later admitted this was his greatest domestic mistake.

The low growth and declining living standards contributed to the final Strike of 1926 – Churchill thirstily sought-after to interrupt the strikers and defeat the trades unions. throughout this era he expressed admiration for II Duce for being a powerful leader.

In the Nineteen Thirties, his political eccentricities consigned him to the backbenches, wherever he was a vocal critic of calming and urged the govt to re-arm. Churchill was typically a lone voice in speaking regarding the growing danger of Hitler’s European nation. He additionally opposed Indian Independence and was a staunch supporter of the Empire.

After associate degree unsuccessful begin to the Second war, the Commons selected Churchill to steer the united kingdom in an exceedingly national coalition. Churchill was instrumental in demand UK keep fighting. He opposed the minority voices within the cupboard seeking to create any cope with potentate.

Churchill tested associate degree adept war leader. His speeches became celebrated and tested a vital rallying postulate a rustic that stood alone through 1940 and 1941.

Speech within the House of Commons, June 18, 1940

After the USA entry into the war, the immediate crisis was over and Churchill spent longer managing the uneasy Allied coalition of Russia, USA and therefore the GB. Churchill was concerned in several aspects of the war, taking associate degree interest altogether areas. He additionally participated in conferences with Stalin and Roosevelt that helped form the war and post-war settlement. it absolutely was Churchill WHO helped popularize the phrase ‘Iron Curtain’ when he saw the growing gulf between the Communist East and Western Europe

Speech at Fulton, Missouri on March five, 1946

After winning the Second war, Churchill was dismayed to lose the 1945 election to a resurgent Labor Party. He was leader of the opposition from 1945-51.

But, below the Conservatives he came back to power within the 1950 election – receptive a lot of of the post war agreement and therefore the finish of British people Empire. Churchill served as PM from 1951-55 before retiring from politics.

Churchill was awarded the laurels in Literature in 1953 “for his mastery of historical associate degree history description similarly as for good speech in defensive exalted human values” Churchill was additionally an accomplished creator

Churchill died in his home at age ninety, on the morning of Sunday twenty four January 1965. His ceremony was the biggest state ceremony within the world, up thereto purpose in time.

John F Kennedy

John F Kennedy

 John F Kennedy was America’s second youngest elective  president. He oversaw one among the foremost crucial moments within the conflict (Cuban Missile Crisis) and sought-after to affirm America’s beliefs in basic human rights by vocation for civil rights legislation and an attack on financial condition and degradation. dead in Gregorian calendar month twenty two, 1963, his tragic death dismayed America and therefore the world.

Born in might 1917, John F. Kennedy came from AN illustrious political family; his father Joseph Kennedy was a number one member of the Democrat party and Joseph inspired John F. Kennedy in his political ambitions when the war.

John graduated from Harvard when finishing a thesis on “Appeasement in Munich” His thesis was later regenerate into a made book – Why England Slept.

Before America joined the war, John joined the navy and saw action throughout the Pacific theater. In August 1943, his boat was rammed by a Japanese destroyer ‘Amagiri’. John F Kennedy was later adorned for his outstanding bravery in rescuing a fellow crewman; he was additionally awarded the Purple heart for later action. Later he was modest regarding his actions, speech communication he felt a trifle embarrassed because it resulted from a bungled group action.

In 1946, he won a seat in Hub of the Universe for the United States House of Representatives of Representatives, and in 1952 got himself elective  for the US Senate, defeating the incumbent Republican.

In 1953, he married Jacqueline Lee Bouvier. In 1957 he was awarded the Pulitzer prize for life history for his book ‘Profiles in Courage‘ a book regarding North American country Senators UN agency stood up for his or her personal beliefs.

In 1956, he was nearly chosen to be the Vice Presidential candidate for diplomat. The national exposure raised his profile, and in 1960 he was chosen to be the Democratic nomination for the Presidency.

In 1960, in an exceedingly} very tight election, John F. Kennedy narrowly defeated the a lot of fictitious Republican, Chief Executive. it had been a unforgettable election with several millions pasted to the TV within the pre-election political campaign. John F Kennedy stumbled on alright on TV and looked a lot of relaxed and skilled on camera.

It was the primary time a Roman Catholic had been elective  president and it had been a giant issue in America wherever several Protestants distrusted the prospect of America being influenced by the Vatican Palace. He had to assure voters he wasn't a Catholic candidate for presidency, however somebody standing for President UN agency happened to be a Catholic.

During his inauguration, JFK, gave a awfully unforgettable speech, wherever he splendidly inspired voters to assist the state become robust once more.

In 1961, Kennedy ordered the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba. it had been largely semiconductor diode by Cuban exiles with bottom North American country support. However, the invasion was a failure resulting in embarrassing negotiations with Fidel Castro’s Cuba.

In 1962, the globe came terribly near nuclear war throughout the Cuban Missile Crisis. The Soviet Union captive missiles to Cuba. several within the yank military were keen on AN air strike on the missile bases. But, Kennedy selected a a lot of cautious diplomatic approach. He found how to supply national leader how out while not losing face, while ensuring the missiles were off from Cuba.

During his temporary presidency, John F Kennedy oversaw AN increase folks involvement in Vietnam, including causing sixteen,000 military advisers to the country. Later, Kennedy’s secretary of defense Henry M. Robert McNamara aforesaid Kennedy was considering family planning of Vietnam in 1963 and believes that if Kennedy had survived, yank involvement would have over. Tapes showed that United States President later criticized Kennedy’s opinion that America ought to withdraw.

John F Kennedy was dead in Gregorian calendar month 1963. Lee Harvey assassinator was inactive and placed on trial for his murder. However, before he might reach trial, Lee Harvey assassinator was himself dead by Jack Ruby. Lee Harvey assassinator invariably pleaded innocence and lots of believe the assassination was a conspiracy.

Paul McCartney

Paul McCartney 

Paul McCartney was a key member of the Beatles and conjointly pursued a awfully victorious solo career. per the Guinness book of records he's the simplest merchandising creative person of all time.

Paul McCartney was born in urban center, 1942, and have become curious about music from Associate in Nursing early age. As a teen he was a budding singer song write and have become smart friends with rock star and later Harrison. This was to prove the nucleus for the Beatles. The Beatles began by taking part in gigs in clubs in FRG and urban center. it had been at the Cavern club wherever they were noticed by manager Brian Jacob Epstein. He secured them their initial major recording contract with Parlophone (after several different record firms like Decca had turned them down)

It was taking part in at the Cavern club than Paul and rock star completed most teams were simply doing cowl versions, this galvanized them to write down their own music and this was a feature of the Beatles recordings for subsequent ten years.

The Beatles presently shot to international fame and have become one among the foremost recognised names within the world. McCartney enjoyed the approach to life that his fame and wealth allowed him. However, the cluster more and more got undeceived with performing arts live thanks to the hysterical screaming and a focus of fans. This inspired them to try and do additional personal recording. it had been conjointly within the later half the Sixties, that the group’s musical repertoire distended as they took an interest in Indian and japanese influences.

After the hack of the Beatles, McCartney victorious pursued a replacement career path forming a replacement band – The Wings and conjointly recording several solos like the foremost lined song of all time – Yesterday. The Mull of Kintyre performed by the Wings was the primary single to sell over two million.

Paul McCartney has made over sixty gold discs and has oversubscribed over one hundred million singles.

After marrying Linda songster Paul become curious about diet and human rights. He has supported several animal rights charities. when Linda’s death he recommitted himself to supporting Linda’s eater company and animal rights charities.

Paul remarried Heather Mills in 2002. But, by 2006, the British press reported  their breakup that semiconductor diode to Associate in Nursing bitter and painful divorce.

Mother Teresa

Mother Teresa

Mother Teresa (1910-1997) was a Roman Catholic nun, WHO devoted her life to serving the poor and poverty-stricken round the world. She spent a few years in city, India wherever shed supported the Missionaries of Charity, a non secular congregation dedicated to serving to those in nice would like. In 1979, Teresa was awarded the altruist Peace Prize and has become a logo of charitable unselfish work. She was holy in 2003, the primary tread the trail to sainthood, among the church.

Mother Teresa was born, 1910, in Skopje, capital of the Republic of Macedonia. very little is understood concerning her adolescence, however at a young age she felt a job to be a nun and serve through serving to the poor. At the age of eighteen she was given permission to affix a gaggle of nuns in Eire. once a couple of months of coaching, with the Sisters of Loreto, she was then given permission to trip India. She took her formal spiritual vows in 1931, and selected to be named once St Therese of Lisieux – the guardian of missionaries.

On her arrival in India, she began by operating as a tutor, but the widespread poorness of city created a deep impression on her; and this light-emitting diode to her beginning a replacement order known as “The Missionaries of Charity”. the first objective of this mission was to appear once folks, WHO no one else was ready to appear once. Teresa felt that serving others was a key principle of the teachings of Israelite. She usually mentioned the old chestnut of Good Shepherd,

She seasoned 2 significantly traumatic periods in city. the primary was the geographic region famine of 1943 and therefore the second was the Hindu/Muslim violence in 1946 – before the partition of India. In 1948, she left the convent to measure full time among the poorest of city. She selected to wear a white Indian saree, with blue trimmings – out of respect for the standard Indian dress. for several years, Teresa and a little band of fellow nuns survived on marginal financial gain and food, usually having to beg for funds. But, slowly her efforts with the poorest were noted and appreciated by the area people and Indian politicians.

In 1952, she opened her 1st home for the dying, that allowed folks to die with dignity. Teresa usually enjoyed time with those that were dying. Some have criticized the dearth of correct medical attention, and refusal to grant painkillers. But, others say that it afforded several neglected folks the chance to die knowing somebody cared.

Over time the work grew. Missions were started overseas, and by 2013, there square measure 700 missions in operation in over one hundred thirty countries. The scope of their work conjointly dilated to incorporate orphanages, and hospices for those with terminal health problem.

Mother Teresa ne'er wanted to convert those of associate degree another religion. Those in her dying homes got the spiritual rites applicable to their religion. However, she had a awfully firm Catholic religion and took a strict line on abortion, the corporal punishment and divorce – even though her position was less-traveled. Her whole life was influenced by her religion and faith, even if every now and then she confessed she didn’t feel the presence of God.

The Missionaries of Charity currently has branches throughout the globe together with branches within the developed world wherever they work with the homeless and other people affected with AIDS. In 1965, the Society became a global spiritual Family by a decree of Pope Paul VI.

In the Sixties, the lifetime of Teresa was 1st dropped at a wider public attention by Malcolm Muggeridge WHO wrote a book and made a documentary known as “Something lovely for God”.

In 1979, she was awarded the altruist Peace Prize “for work undertaken within the struggle to beat poorness and distress, that conjointly constitutes a threat to peace.” She didn’t attend the ceremonial banquet, however asked that the $192,000 fund run to the poor.

In later years, she was additional active in western developed countries. She commented that although the west was materially prosperous, there was usually a non secular poorness.

In the last twenty years of her life, Teresa suffered numerous health issues however nothing might counsel her from fulfilling her mission of serving the poor and poverty-stricken. till her end health problem she was active in motion round the world to the various branches of “The Missionaries of Charity” throughout her previous couple of years, she met Princess Diana within the Bronx, New York. the 2 died among every week of every alternative.

Following Mother Teresa’s death the Vatican began the method of beatification, that is that the second tread the thanks to sanctification and sainthood. Mother Teresa was formally holy in Gregorian calendar month 2003 by Pope John Paul II and is currently referred to as Blessed Teresa of city.

Mother Teresa was a living saint WHO offered an excellent example and inspiration to the globe.

Awards Mother Teresa

• The first Pope John XXIII Peace Prize. (1971)
• Kennedy Prize (1971)
• The Nehru Prize –“for promotion of international peace and understanding”(1972)
• Albert Schweitzer International Prize (1975),
• The Nobel Peace Prize (1979)
• States Presidential Medal of Freedom (1985)
• Congressional Gold Medal (1994)
• Honorary citizenship of the United States (November 16, 1996),

Marilyn Monroe

Marilyn Monroe 

Marilyn Monroe (1926-1962) Model, actress, singer and arguably one among the foremost famed ladies of the 20th  century.

Monroe was born, constellation Jeane Mortenson, in Gregorian calendar month 1926. Her father was unknown and she or he was baptized as constellation Jeane Baker; she spent a few years in foster homes as a result of her family state of affairs.

Monroe married Jimmy Dougherty, in 1942. once he left to the Pacific Ocean to fight within the Second war, she joined an area munitions manufacturing plant in plantsman, California. It absolutely was here that Marilyn got her initial massive break. lensman David Conover, was covering the munitions manufacturing plant to point out ladies at work. He was affected by the wonder and attractive nature of constellation, and he used her in several of her shots. This enabled her to start out a career as a model and she or he was presently featured on the front of the many magazine covers.

1946 was a polar year for Marilyn, she single her young husband and altered her name from the boring constellation Baker to the additional exciting Norma Jean Baker (after her grandma). She took drama lessons and got her initial motion picture contract with Twentieth Century Fox. Her initial few films were low key, but, it gained her additional distinguished roles in films like All regarding Eve, Niagara and later Gentleman like Blondes and the way To Marry A rich person.

By currently these film roles had thrust her into the world limelight. She was associate degree painting figure of Hollywood glamour and fashion. She was associate degree epitome of physical attraction, beauty and effervescence and was naturally attractive. She typically found the trimmings of fame troublesome to agitate.

In 1954, she married baseball star Joseph Paul DiMaggio, an acquaintance of over 2 years. They were later to divorce, however they remained shut friends.

In her later career, she tried to maneuver on the far side the ‘blonde bombshell’ typecasting and started her own motion picture production. She was awarded a golden globe award for her role in ‘Some find it irresistible Hot‘

Tragically, she died early from associate degree o.d. of barbiturates in 1962 aged simply thirty six.